Hair waving device and process



Feb. 24, 1942. s. G. 7STANLEY v2,274,170

HAIR WAVING DEVICE-AND PROCESS Filed July 8,' 1941 Patented Feb. Y24, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AHAIR WAVING DEVICEAND PRooEss Sinclair Stanley,v Chicago, Ill. Application July 8, 1941', Serial No." 401,443

Claims.

This invention relates to the art off permanent waving and apparatus or means for waving, curling-` and setting thehainand more particularly, to permanent waving-and hair curling and setting pads as a new article of manufacture and 'method of making or producing thevsame.

" Heretofore in the artv of permanent waving,

\ curling,l and setting hair'it has been customary to use untreated sheets or pads, constituting a 'medium for holding and applying asoftening `moistening and setting solution to the hair in v connection vwith protectors or clamps for gripping and holding the curled hair as wound on thecurlers, while subjected to the action of the heaters ror clamps in which the chemical solution or treating liquid acts to set the curl or wave. But these, for example, consisted of sections of cloth, such asa folded piece of flannel sewed along one edge to a section or sheet 'of waxed papertogether with a sheet of parch- 'ment or metal foil of aluminum, lead or tin on the outside.,` However, these pads are not only expensive and made doubly so by the demands on metal, but considerable time is consumed and lost in using the same, This results from the necessity of dipping or immersing the pads at the time of their use in a setting solution, and the time required in order to absorb same, due to the fact that they are too soft and flexible or 'flimsy and have a tendency to be water and liquid repellentl or Waterproof, non-bibulous or impervious initially and ,therefore difcult to handle aswell as to saturate or impregnate with the treating. solution or chemical.

i 'Ijhe present invention overcomes these objections' by providing an absorbent chemical pad 'of readily absorbent orbibulous character which `will become readily saturated or impregnated with the chemical solution at `onedpping and which is preferably in one sectionpiece or sheet which is relatively stiff to :facilitate dipping and handling but becomes suiiiciently flexible after dipping as to -permit it to be readily applied, bent por. fitted over the hair on the curlers to kreceive the heaters or clamps thereon by a simple one-step operation. The pad preferably consists of a rectangular section of relatively stili absorbent or bibulous fibrous pressed cellulosicmaterial, for example. This,'for example, may be made from wood or cotton cellulose or n rag pulp which will readily absorb or imbibe.

`time tok chemically treat the same.

solution but vit may' be of other suitable material. i f

In accordance with the present invention these pads are not only cheap but can be economically produced and used ata fraction of the labor and costA of the prior pads and may be preliminarily` dipped in, impregnated orv saturated with the treating or softening and setting solution or chemical and dried at once so that a large number may be prepared and dried at one time preferably `after pressing ,out the surplus mixture or moisture while retaining the necessary chemical or solution in dry form and so supplied to the beauticianor beauty parlor instead of requirngthat the beauty operator take By this means, the pads may be treated and dried by machine in the plant orfactory much more economically and it is merely necessary to dip the pads once in water when and as' needed for use or application to the hair on the protectors` and curler clamps as they readily absorb the water or other solution to form an aqueous mixture ink solution withv the chemical retained and carried inthe pad which is impregnated or saturated therewith as supplied to the beauty parlor and' then to apply the` heaters or clamps thereto as usual. However, the pad will hold suiii'cient moisture to provide the necessary steam and suiiicient liquid for evaporation pur-L poses to soften the hair and change its form as desired.

\ Other objects and advantages to be attained will be `hereinafter more fully described and pointed out with particularity in the appended claims; v f

The invention will be best understoodby reference to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specication, and in which:

i Fig. l is'an end elevationof a protector and curler ofV the heater type as applied to the hair;

protector .l2 pivotally connected as at I3 by an extension of one jaw overlying the other jaw and adapting the jaws to be opened or closed for receiving a portion of the hair. Fastener I4 of any suitable type is provided at the opposite end of the protector in order to hold the jaws in clamping relation to the hair H against the head. The protector has a pad I5 such as rubber and felt to prevent injury and transference of heat to the head and scalp. One of the jaws such as the jaw II is provided with slotted bearings I6 to take a curler I'I having a rounded shank I8 at one end to permit it to turn in one of the b-earings I6 while being retained against axial displacement by a squared head I9. The opposite end has squared shank which fits in the opposite end bearing IB and is held against turning thereby. However, before the squared shank 2l] is inserted in the bearing, the hair is wound or coiled on the curler I'I and frictionally held against the jaws of the clamp when the curler is swung down to cause its squared shank 20 to engage the other bearing and is given a slight turn to tighten the hair thereon by a knurled head 2I outwardly of the squared shank 20, the hair being previously held on the curler by a clamping jaw 22 pivoted thereto as shown,

The permanent wave pad is designated at 23 and consists preferably of a rectangular section or sheet of absorbent or bibulous character which is relatively stiff to facilitate dipping and handling but becomessufliciently flexible or pliable after dipping to permit it to be readily bent between the fingers and applied over the hair on the curler to receive the heater or clamp thereon by a simple one-step operation. It p-referably consists of a fibrous section of relatively stiff or thick material which forms a pad which may be readily saturated or impregnated with the treating or chemical solution. For this purpose it may be some bibulous or absorbent material `which will readily absorb or imbibe fluids or moisture and in this respect is of somewhat soft or spongy texture. This, for example, may be made as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, of ninety per cent wood or cotton cellulose with the remainder the usual clay added for ller. It will be understood that the bers may be cut quickly and short so as to avoid producing a gummy substancewhich would occur if the fibers were not out quickly and short,

to provide a loosely finished knit product.

As shown, 24 represents the long edge of the pad and 25 the short edge. In use, when the pad is applied to the protector and clamp, a clamp or heater is engaged thereover as in Figs. l and 2 and these clamps may be of the machinevless or heatless type as well as the machine type shown in the drawing. They have spring held jaws 21 and 28, the spring being designated at 29 and pressure plates 3l) preferably of fiber so that they can be handled without burning the fingers and in the machine type, wires 3|. are employed for conveying current to the heating elements.

These pads may be cut to any Vsize desired according to the nature of the curler, such as 23/8 inches by 3 inches. The pads are dipped in the proper treating solution and owing to the highly absorbent nature thereof may be dipped by machine at the plant or factory andthen placed between rollers or otherwise pressed to remove surplus mixture or moisture and then dried to retain the chemical or treating solution in dry form with which the same has been thoroughly ysaturated or impregnated. By way of example,

the pad may be dipped in a solution of 25% ammonium carbonate or similar chemical with of water by volume. Thus, when it is desired to use the pads in the manner previously described they are merely dipped in water and one dipping is usually suicient so that the work of the beauty operator may be quickly carried on. This will provide steam while at the same time retaining sufcient liquid for evaporation purposes and to soften the hair and change its form in producing the desired curl or permanent wave. By having the surplus moisture pressed out of the pad in preparing same, they quickly dry and may be readily packed for shipment and are much more convenient to handle by the beauty operator when dry. However, they will retain sufficient chemical and a large number may be treated or dipped at one time and dried at once so that when needed for use it is only necessary to dip them in water in order to provide the necessary aqueous solution. Thus the pads'may be produced at a fraction of the labor and cost of pads heretofore employed in this art.

I also wish to have it understood that I do not l desire to be restricted to any particular treating or chemicalsolution and that any hair softener may be employed, including one or more chemicals such as ammonium or potassium carbonate, sodium sulfate or other solution or chemical well known to the trade. In each instance the pads are dipped in water or an aqueous solution thereof containing ammonia or otherwise.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new-and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. As a new article of manufacture a hair curling and setting pad composed of a single sheet of paper pulp saturated with a treating solution.

2. As a new article of manufacture a hair curling and setting pad vcomposed of a single relatively stiff sheet of unsized bibulous cellulosic material saturated with a treating solution in dry form.

3. A permanent wave pad or the like consisting of an absorbent sheet of unsized blotting paper impregnated with a hair softening and setting solution adapted to be dipped in water or aqueous solution on use.

4. A permanent wave hair curling and setting pad consisting of ay relatively stiff section of bibulous material composed of unsized cellulosic material and a ller.

5. A permanent wave hair curling and setting pad consisting of a relatively stiff section of bibulous material composed of substantially ninety per cent celluose pulp and substantially ten per cent clay holding a chemical or treating solution in suspension.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a wave pad for hair, a single-sheet of highly absorbent unsized cellulosic material made from wood pulp and clay in dry form impregnated with a treating solution.

'7. As a new article of manufacture, a permanent wave pad consisting of a single sheet of treating solution of a carbonate and water for softening and setting the hair, pressing the same to remove surplus moisture and then drying.

10. A process of preparing permanent wave pads consisting in taking a sheet of relatively stiff absorbent unsized fibrous cellulosic material formed of paper pulp, dipping the same in a treating solution such as an aqueous solution of ammonia or the like for use, `and drying the same to produce a pad in dry form impregnated with said solution for its subsequent dipping in Water.

SINCLAIR G. STANLEY. 

